&lt;p&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bolder;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 16pt; line-height: 24.5333px; font-family: Calibri, &amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color: red;&quot;&gt;Transformations spontan&eacute;es dans les piles et production d&rsquo;&eacute;nergie&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bolder;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18.4px; color: red;&quot;&gt;I-&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bolder;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18.4px; color: red;&quot;&gt;Transferts spontan&eacute; des &eacute;lectrons dans une pile&amp;nbsp;:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle&quot; style=&quot;text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bolder;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18.4px; color: rgb(0, 176, 80);&quot;&gt;1-&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bolder;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18.4px; color: rgb(0, 176, 80);&quot;&gt;1) La pile Daniell&amp;nbsp;:&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraphCxSpLast&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 32.2pt; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bolder;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18.4px;&quot;&gt;a-&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bolder;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18.4px; color: rgb(0, 112, 192);&quot;&gt;Fonctionnement de la pile Daniell :&lt;o:p&gt;&lt;/o:p&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 32.2pt; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bolder;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18.4px;&quot;&gt;b-&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bolder;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18.4px; color: rgb(0, 112, 192);&quot;&gt;R&eacute;action aux &eacute;lectrodes:&amp;nbsp; &amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 32.2pt; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bolder;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18.4px;&quot;&gt;c-&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bolder;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18.4px; color: rgb(0, 112, 192);&quot;&gt;R&ocirc;le du pont salin&amp;nbsp;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 32.2pt; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bolder;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18.4px;&quot;&gt;d-&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bolder;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18.4px; color: rgb(0, 112, 192);&quot;&gt;Repr&eacute;sentation conventionnelle de la pile&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bolder;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18.4px;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 32.2pt; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bolder; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18.4px; font-family: Calibri, &amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color: red;&quot;&gt;II) D&eacute;termination exp&eacute;rimentale de la polarit&eacute; d&rsquo;une pile&amp;nbsp;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 32.2pt; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bolder;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18.4px; font-family: Calibri, &amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color: rgb(0, 176, 80);&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;D&eacute;termination de la polarit&eacute; d&rsquo;une pile&amp;nbsp;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bolder;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18.4px; color: red;&quot;&gt;I-&lt;span style=&quot;font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-weight: normal; font-stretch: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-family: &amp;quot;Times New Roman&amp;quot;;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span dir=&quot;LTR&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bolder;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18.4px; color: red;&quot;&gt;Etude quantitative de la pile&amp;nbsp;:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p class=&quot;MsoListParagraph&quot; style=&quot;margin-bottom: 20px; margin-left: 54pt; text-indent: -36pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-weight: bolder; text-indent: -18pt;&quot;&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size: 12pt; line-height: 18.4px; font-family: Calibri, &amp;quot;sans-serif&amp;quot;; color: rgb(0, 176, 80);&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;Quantit&eacute; d&rsquo;&eacute;lectricit&eacute; maximale d&eacute;bit&eacute;e par une pile&amp;nbsp;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;